Peran Kendali Glukosa terhadap Kadar Trigliserida dan High Density Lipoprotein Serum pada Pasien Diabetes Melitus Tipe 2 di Malang Raya

Abstract

Introduction: Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) is a group of metabolic disorders of carbohidrat, protein and fat that caused by disruption insulin secretion and/or action. International Diabetes Federation (IDF) predict the prevalence of type 2 diabetes in Indonesia from 3.5% in 2014 to 4.6% in 2035. Increase T2DM in Indonesia is followed by the risk of complications in patients over 40 years of age. The most common complication of T2DM is lipid metabolism disorders. Increase serum triglycerides and decreased High Density Lipoprotein (HDL) levels are common findings in T2DM. the role of glycemic control on triglyceride and HDL levels in T2DM didn’t find in Malang. Therefore, researcher want to know the role of glycemic control on triglycerides and HDL levels in patients with T2DM in Malang Region.

Method: This is cross sectional study. Samples have age over 40 years old who had T2DM without complications and lived according to the place of study. Respondents fill out a 24 hour food recall, physical activity, and medication adherence questionnaire, and then they are grouped into controlled (CG) and uncontrolled glycemic (UCG) based on random blood glucose (GDA), fasting blood glucose (GDP), HbA1c, and serum glucose levels. Serum triglycerides dan HDL levels of respondent is examined by spectrophotometry. The statistical test of data uses Independent T-test followed by correlation test. Result is significant if p<0,05.

Result: The mean levels of GDA, GDP, HbA1c, and serum glucose in the CG group were lower than the UCG and there was a significant difference. Calories, sex, occupation, physical activity, and medication adherence were not found a significant differences between the CG group and the UCG group, while there was a significant difference in age. Serum triglycerides levels mean in UCG (266,93 ± 186,73) and CG (179,26 ± 68,18, p= 0,037). Serum HDL levels in CG (50,57 ± 12,35) and UCG (49,28 ± 14,39, p= 0,742). Correlation of triglycerides with GDP (r= 0,713, p= 0,009) and HbA1c (r= 0,503, p= 0,002). Correlation of HDL and serum glucose (r= -0,417, p= 0,002). Conclusion: Glycemic control plays a role in serum triglycerides levels and did not play a role in serum HDL levels of T2DM in Malang Region.

Keywords: Glucose Control, Triglycerides, High Density Lipoprotein (HDL), Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus