Exploring Preferences and Strategies of Low Achiever in Listening Comprehension: A Qualitative Study of 11th Grade Students at SMA An-Nur Bululawang Malang

Abstract

This study investigates the causes of low listening ability, students’ preferences in learning listening, and the strategies employed by low-proficiency learners to overcome their difficulties. The research was conducted at SMA An-Nur Bululawang Malang with four 11th- grade students of low listening proficiency as participants. A qualitative descriptive design was applied, and data were collected through semi-structured interviews, observation, and documentation. The findings reveal four main causes of low listening ability: fast speech, different accents or unclear audio, limited vocabulary, and lack of practice or exposure outside the classroom. In terms of learning preferences, students favoured authentic multimedia materials such as videos, podcasts, and songs, particularly when supported by subtitles and visual aids. They also showed different preferences for individual listening (to focus better) and group listening (to share ideas and clarify meaning). Classroom practices such as repetition and discussion were considered effective to reinforce understanding. Regarding strategies, students reported using a combination of personal strategies (repetition, note-taking, writing vocabulary, using subtitles), teacher-supported strategies (listening with transcripts, repeated listening, guided discussion), and technology-based strategies (YouTube, Spotify, podcasts, Duolingo). In conclusion, this study highlights that low listening ability results from both linguistic and experiential factors, while students’ preferences and strategies demonstrate their adaptability in coping with such difficulties. The findings suggest that listening instruction should integrate authentic and visually supported materials, promote a balance between individual and collaborative activities, and encourage learners to extend practice through digital tools.

Keywords: listening ability, causes of low listening skill, preferences of listening skill, strategies in learning listening skill, English Foreign Language students.